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2.
Can J Diabetes ; 44(6): 566-571.e3, 2020 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32792108

RESUMO

The rates of both gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and mental illness in pregnancy are rising. There is an association between type 2 diabetes and major depressive disorder, anxiety and schizophrenia, thus there is a need for greater understanding of the relationship between GDM and mental illness. This review suggests that there is a bidirectional and complex relationship between antenatal depression, gestational diabetes and postpartum depression. The combined effect of both a history of depression and gestational diabetes significantly increases the risk of postpartum depression. There is an association between severe mental illness and GDM; however, it is strongly mediated by antipsychotic medications and psychosocial factors, in addition to the disease itself. Medication has a major role in treating mental illness during pregnancy and is not directly linked with GDM in either depression or psychosis. Health-care providers should be mindful of the association between GDM and mental illness to appropriately screen and treat both disorders.


Assuntos
Depressão Pós-Parto/epidemiologia , Transtorno Depressivo/epidemiologia , Diabetes Gestacional/fisiopatologia , Canadá/epidemiologia , Depressão Pós-Parto/psicologia , Transtorno Depressivo/psicologia , Diabetes Gestacional/psicologia , Feminino , Humanos , Gravidez , Prognóstico
3.
J Obstet Gynaecol Can ; 35(4): 362-369, 2013 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23660045

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Fluoxetine is the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) with the longest clinical use. Published reports regarding its fetal safety are contradictory. We aimed to establish the fetal safety of the drug. METHODS: We performed a systematic review of the literature, searching PubMed, Medline, and Embase from inception to August 31, 2012, for cohort and case-control studies in which women were exposed to fluoxetine during the first trimester and compared outcomes with those of unexposed control subjects. RESULTS: Twenty-one studies met the inclusion criteria. The odds ratio for major malformations associated with maternal fluoxetine use in cohort studies was 1.12 (95% CI 0.98 to 1.28). The studies included were homogeneous. Fifteen cohort studies evaluated cardiac malformations and yielded an overall odds ratio of 1.6 (95% CI 1.31 to 1.95). These studies also were homogeneous. In contrast, two case-control studies assessing cardiac malformations yielded a combined odds ratio of 0.63 (95% CI 0.39 to 1.03). CONCLUSION: The apparent increased risk of fetal cardiac malformations associated with maternal use of fluoxetine has recently been shown also in depressed women who deferred SSRI therapy in pregnancy, and therefore most probably reflects an ascertainment bias. Overall, women who are treated with fluoxetine during the first trimester of pregnancy do not appear to have an increased risk of major fetal malformations.


Objectif : La fluoxétine est l'inhibiteur spécifique du recaptage de la sérotonine (ISRS) qui compte la plus longue période d'utilisation clinique. Les rapports publiés qui traitent de son innocuité fœtale sont contradictoires. Nous avons cherché à établir son innocuité fœtale. Méthodes : Nous avons mené une analyse systématique de la littérature en menant des recherches dans PubMed, Medline et Embase, des débuts jusqu'au 31 août 2012, afin d'en tirer les études de cohorte et les études cas-témoins dans le cadre desquelles des femmes ont été exposées à la fluoxétine au cours du premier trimestre; nous avons par la suite comparé les issues constatées chez ces femmes aux issues qu'ont connues les témoins non exposés. Résultats : Vingt et une études ont satisfait aux critères d'inclusion. Dans le cadre des études de cohorte, le rapport de cotes en ce qui concerne les malformations majeures qui sont associées à l'utilisation maternelle de fluoxétine était de 1,12 (IC à 95 %, 0,98 - 1,28). Les études incluses étaient homogènes. Quinze études de cohorte ont évalué les malformations cardiaques et ont généré un rapport de cotes global de 1,6 (IC à 95 %, 1,31 - 1,95). Ces études ont également été homogènes. En revanche, deux études cas-témoins évaluant les malformations cardiaques ont généré un rapport de cotes combiné de 0,63 (IC à 95 %, 0,39 - 1,03). Conclusion : La hausse apparente du risque de malformations cardiaques fœtales qui est associée à l'utilisation maternelle de fluoxétine a récemment été également démontrée chez les femmes déprimées qui ont suspendu leur traitement aux ISRS pendant la grossesse, ce qui reflète fort probablement la présence d'un biais de constatation. Règle générale, les femmes qui sont traitées à la fluoxétine au cours du premier trimestre de grossesse ne semblent pas être exposées à un risque accru de malformations fœtales majeures.


Assuntos
Anormalidades Induzidas por Medicamentos/etiologia , Fluoxetina/efeitos adversos , Inibidores Seletivos de Recaptação de Serotonina/efeitos adversos , Anormalidades Induzidas por Medicamentos/epidemiologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Estudos de Coortes , Depressão/complicações , Depressão/tratamento farmacológico , Feminino , Cardiopatias Congênitas/induzido quimicamente , Cardiopatias Congênitas/epidemiologia , Humanos , MEDLINE , Razão de Chances , Gravidez , Complicações na Gravidez/psicologia , Primeiro Trimestre da Gravidez
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